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Taxonomy

Collection 1000060 (herbarium acc. no. G K13674) is the lectotype of Hebeloma alpinum.

Description

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details

    Collection 1000060 was collected by J. Favre on 27th August 1949 in Val dal Botsch, SWITZERLAND (approx. 46.65°N, 10.1°E, altitude approximately 2600 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Rosaceae (genus Dryas) and Salicaceae (genus Salix) were present.

    The surrounding habitat was described as alpine meadow with a substrate of calcareous soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 5.11: Wetlands (inland) – Alpine wetlands (inc. temporary waters from snowmelt).

    According to the GPS data the collection was in the Alps conifer and mixed forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Conifer Forests) and Koppen climate code ET (Polar, tundra).

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description

    Cortina present: no.

    Pileus: up to 25 mm diameter; shape convex, umbonate broadly; margin characters involute; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre not recorded; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil no.

    Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth up to 4 mm; number of complete lamellae 40; tears visible with naked eye; white fimbriate edge present.

    Stipe: 22–25 x 4–6 {median} x 5–7 {basal} mm; stipe Q 3.7–6.3; base clavate, cylindrical, tapering; floccosity floccose at apex; rooting no; mycelial chords no.

    Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow, stuffed; stipe flesh discolouring from base weak; slenderness measure 6.3; smell none, raphanoid weakly; taste bitter weakly, mild.

    Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.

    Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description

    Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope not recorded; guttulate not recorded; papillate yes; Spore Code: O1; O2; P0; D0; D1.

    Basidia: 29.1–33.9 x 8.7–9.2 μm; ave. Q = 3.5; basidia spore nature not recorded.

    Cheilocystidia: main shape clavate-stipitate; special features conglutinate, many collapsed in exsiccata; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.83; A/B = 1.91; B/M = 0.99.

    Pleurocystidia: no.

    Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) 80 μm; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 5 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation yes; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis cylindrical, thickly sausage-shaped.

    Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.

    Spore(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length (µm)(10.7) 11.2–13.3 (13.4)12.312.30.650
    Width (µm)6.6–8.0 (8.4)7.37.30.450
    Q(1.42) 1.50–1.86 (1.94)1.691.690.11

    Cheilocystidium (µm)(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length(44) 47–67 (68)58586.45
    Apex Width(5.1) 6.4–9.7 (11.1)7.97.81.100
    Median Width(3.5) 3.7–5.5 (6.0)4.44.20.66
    Basal Width(2.8) 3.0–5.1 (5.7)4.34.30.69
  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
    Max tempMin tempPrecipitation
    Annualised average (1949)--- °C--- °C--- mm
    Collection month (8/1949)--- °C--- °C--- mm
    Max month (1949)--- °C--- °C--- mm

Compare this collection to its species

This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.

Image gallery

Detailed statistics

Spore measurementsMy valueSpecies mean valuePosition
Count 60.0 51.92 24th/86
Average length 12.3 12.22 36th–42nd/87
Average width 7.3 7.03 17th–22nd/87
Standard deviation of length 0.65 0.81 68th–69th/82
Standard deviation of width 0.45 0.41 29th–31st/82
Median length 12.3 12.23 35th–39th/82
Median width 7.3 7.04 20th–26th/82
Minimum length 10.7 10.47 25th–31st/84
Minimum width 6.6 6.19 10th–17th/84
Low length 11.2 11.01 24th–31st/84
Low width 6.6 6.44 25th–34th/84
High length 13.3 13.50 46th–50th/84
High width 8.0 7.69 17th–22nd/84
Max length 13.4 14.03 59th–63rd/84
Max width 8.4 8.03 18th–23rd/84
Spore featureValueCommonalities
Ornamentation O1; O2 24% of collections; 88% of collections
Perispore loosening P0 68% of collections
Dextrinoidity D0; D1 12% of collections; 72% of collections